THE Gesture Control Robot

Hand Gesture Control Robot using Arduino

In this project, we have designed a simple Hand Gesture wheel chair Controlled Robot using Arduino. This Hand Gesture Controlled Robot is based on Arduino Nano, MPU6050, RF Transmitter-Receiver Pair,power source and L293D Motor Driver.

Even though the title says it's a Hand Gestured Controlled Robot, technically this robot is controlled by the tilt of the hand like measure hand movements. 

Principle of Hand Gesture Wheel chair Controlled Robot

In order to understand the principle of working of Hand Gesture Controlled Wheel chair Robot, let us divide the project into three parts.

The first part is getting data from the MPU6050 Accelerometer GyroScope Sensor by the Arduino nano. The Arduino continuously get the  data from the MPU6050  Sensor and based on the predefined parameters, it sends a data to the RF Transmitter wirelessly.

The second part of the project is the Wireless Communication between the RF Transmitter and RF Receiver Module.The RF Transmitter ,receiving data from Arduino nano (through the Encoder IC HT12E), transmits it through the RF Communication to the RF Receiver module.

Finally, the third part of the project is decoding the Data received by the RF Receiver and sending  signals to the Motor Driver IC, which will activate the Wheel Motors of the Robot.        

note:-wire is use only for power supply due to batter discharge

SOME OF MY PROJECTS ARE:-

1. HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM  
2. ENERGY SAVING USING STREET LIGHTS
3. CAR CONTROLLED  BY MOBILE

The First Step

THE ARDUIINO UNO

The Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog  inputs, a 16MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack,  an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller, simply connect to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC to DC adapter or battery to get started. The UNO differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip.  Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter. “UNO” means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino, moving forward. The UNO is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards.

The Arduino UNO can be powered via he USB connection or with an external power supply. The power source is selected automatically. External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm centre-positive plug into the board’s power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd and VIN pin headers of the POWER connector. The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than 5 volts and the board may be unstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended range 7 to 12 volts.

The Arduino UNO r3 consists of-

Power USB

Arduino board can be powered by using the USB cable from your computer. All you need to do is connect the USB cable to the USB connection.

Power (Barrel Jack)

Arduino boards can be powered directly from the AC mains power supply by connecting it to the Barrel Jack

Voltage Regulator

The function of the voltage regulator is to control the voltage given to the Arduino board

and stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements.

Crystal Oscillator

The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues. How does Arduino calculate time? The answer is, by using the crystal oscillator. The number printed on top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16 MHz.

Arduino Reset

You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., starts your program from the beginning. You can reset the UNO board in two ways-

First, you can use the reset button on the board.

Second, you can connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labelled RESET.

Pins (3.3, 5, GND, VIN)

3.3V : Supply 3.3 output volt

5V : Supply 5 output volt

Most of the components used with Arduino board works fine with 3.3 volt

and 5 volt.

GND (Ground): There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which

can be used to ground your circuit.

Vin : This pin also can be used to power the Arduino board from an

external power source, like AC mains power supply.

Analog pins

The Arduino UNO board has five analog input pins A0 through A5. These pins can read the signal from an analog sensor like the humidity sensor or temperature sensor and convert it into a digital value that can be read by the microprocessor.

Main microcontroller

Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller. You can assume it as the brain of your board. The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from board to board. The microcontrollers are usually of the ATMEL Company. You must know what IC your board has before loading up a new program from the Arduino IDE. This information is available on the top of the IC. For more details about the IC construction and functions, you can refer to the data sheet.

ICSP pin

Mostly, ICSP is an AVR, a tiny programming header for the Arduino consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often referred to as an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), which could be considered as an "expansion" of the output. Actually, you are slaving the output device to the master of the SPI bus.

Power LED indicator

This LED should light up when you plug your Arduino into a power source to indicate that your board is powered up correctly. If this light does not turn on, then there is something wrong with the connection.

TX and RX LEDs

On your board, you will find two labels: TX (transmit) and RX (receive). They appear in two places on the Arduino UNO board. First, at the digital pins 0 and 1, to indicate the pins responsible for serial communication. Second, the TX and RX led. The TX led flashes with different speed while sending the serial data. The speed of flashing depends on the baud rate used by the board. RX flashes during the receiving process.

Digital I / O

The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins of which 6 provide PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital pins to read logic values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like LEDs, relays, etc. The pins labelled “~” can be used to generate PWM.

AREF

AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.